The Republic of Nepal (Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal), referred to as Nepal for short, is a landlocked country in South Asia. It is one of the birthplace of Buddhism, one of the world's three major religions. It is located in the south of the Himalayas, is connected to the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China, neighbors with the Sikkim state of the Republic of India in the east, and borders with the West Bengal of Indian Republic, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh and northern Arkansas in the west and south.

In the 6th century BC, the Nepalese had settled in the Kathmandu valley. Then the immigration of India and the British invasion jointly wrote the history of Nepal.

Nepal is an agricultural country, 80% of the population was engaged in agricultural production, and it is one of the world's least developed countries. After 1992, Nepal signed  the agreement to join the World Trade Organization and also became a mechanism member of the South Asian Free Trade Area and the multi-level economic and technical cooperation of Bay of Bengal.

Recently, Nepal's major political parties were caught into constitutional dispute, and the country's left Maoist party CPN-Maoism announced a "military transformation". The party intends to recruit members of “PLA” dissolved after the Civil War and form the full-time military of power.